Question Number 54775 by MJS last updated on 10/Feb/19
![found something interesting, it was published by Tschirnhaus in 1683 we can reduce x^3 +ax^2 +bx+c=0 (1) to y^3 +py+q=0 (2) and further to z^3 =t (1) is the well known linear substitution y=x+(a/3) → x=y−(a/3) ⇒ y^3 −((a^2 −3b)/3)y+((2a^3 −9ab+27c)/(27))=0 p=−((a^2 −3b)/3) and q=((2a^3 −9ab+27c)/(27)) ⇒ y^3 +py+q=0 (2) quadratic substitution z=y^2 +αy+β → y^2 +αy+(β−z)=0 we could solve this for y and then plug in above... (Tschirnhaus did) but there′s an easier way: we calculate the determinant of the Sylvester Matrix we have (a) 1y^3 +0y^2 +py+q=0 (b) 0y^3 +y^2 +αy+(β−z)=0 the matrix is [(1,0,p,q,0),(0,1,0,p,q),(0,1,α,(β−z),0),(0,0,1,α,(β−z)),(1,α,(β−z),0,0) ] the determinant is −z^3 +(3β−2p)z^2 −(pα^2 +3qα+3β^2 −4pβ+p^2 )z −(qα^3 −pα^2 β−3qαβ+pqα−β^3 +2pβ^2 −p^2 β−q^2 )p we want the square and the linear terms to disappear so we set their constants zero to get α and β ⇒ β=((2p)/3); α=−((3q)/(2p))±((√(12p^3 +81q^2 ))/(6p)) this leads to z^3 =((8p^3 )/(27))+((27q^4 )/(2p^3 ))+4q^2 ±((q(√(3(4p^3 +27q^2 )^3 )))/(18p^3 )) Tschirnhaus thought he could solve polynomes of any degree with this method but it′s getting harder to solve because you need a cubic substitution to eliminate 3 constants and so on...](https://www.tinkutara.com/question/Q54775.png)
Commented by maxmathsup by imad last updated on 10/Feb/19
Commented by Tawa1 last updated on 10/Feb/19
found-something-interesting-it-was-published-by-Tschirnhaus-in-1683-we-can-reduce-x-3-ax-2-bx-c-0-1-to-y-3-py-q-0-2-and-further-to-z-3-t-1-is-the-well-known-linear-substitution-y-x-a-3-