Question Number 39699 by maxmathsup by imad last updated on 09/Jul/18
$${let}\:{f}\left({x}\right)=\:{arctan}\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right) \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{1}\right)\:{calculate}\:{f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left({x}\right) \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{2}\right)\:{determine}\:{f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left({n}\right) \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{3}\right){developp}\:{f}\:\:{at}\:{integr}\:{serie} \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{4}\right)\:{calculate}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} {f}\left({x}\right){dx} \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{5}\right)\:{calculate}\:\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:\frac{{x}\:{arctan}\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)}{\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{2}{x}\:+\mathrm{1}}{dx} \\ $$
Commented by math khazana by abdo last updated on 10/Jul/18
$$\left.\mathrm{2}\right)\:{determine}\:{f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left(\mathrm{0}\right) \\ $$
Commented by maxmathsup by imad last updated on 13/Jul/18
$$\left.\mathrm{4}\right)\:{let}\:{integrate}\:{by}\:{parts}\:{u}^{'} =\mathrm{1}\:{and}\:{v}\:={arctan}\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right) \\ $$$$\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} {f}\left({x}\right){dx}\:=\:\left[{x}\:{arctan}\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)\right]_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:\:−\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:{x}\:\:\frac{\mathrm{4}{x}}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} +\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }{dx} \\ $$$$={arctan}\left(\mathrm{3}\right)−\mathrm{4}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:\:\:\:\frac{{x}^{\mathrm{2}} }{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }{dx}\:\:{changement}\:{x}\:=\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:{tan}\theta\:\:{give} \\ $$$$\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:\:\:\:\frac{{x}^{\mathrm{2}} }{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }{dx}\:=\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\:\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}\:\frac{{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{1}+{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\left(\mathrm{1}+{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta\right){d}\theta \\ $$$$=\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\frac{{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta\left(\mathrm{1}+{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta\right)}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{1}+{tan}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }{d}\theta \\ $$$$=\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\frac{\left(\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{cos}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta}−\mathrm{1}\right)\left(\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{cos}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta}\right)}{\mathrm{1}+\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{cos}^{\mathrm{4}} \theta}}{d}\theta \\ $$$$=\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}−{cos}^{\mathrm{2}} \theta}{\mathrm{1}+{cos}^{\mathrm{4}} \theta}\:{d}\theta\:\:=\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}−\frac{\mathrm{1}+{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)}{\mathrm{2}}}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\frac{\mathrm{1}+{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)}{\mathrm{2}}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }{d}\theta \\ $$$$=\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}−{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)}{\mathrm{4}+\left(\mathrm{1}+{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }\:\mathrm{2}{d}\theta \\ $$$$=\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}−{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)}{\mathrm{4}\:+\mathrm{1}\:+\mathrm{2}{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)\:\:+\frac{\mathrm{1}+{cos}\left(\mathrm{4}\theta\right)}{\mathrm{4}}}\:{d}\theta \\ $$$$=\frac{\mathrm{4}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{arctan}\left(\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}\right)} \:\:\:\:\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}−{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)}{\mathrm{21}\:+\mathrm{8}{cos}\left(\mathrm{2}\theta\right)\:+{cos}\left(\mathrm{4}\theta\right)}{d}\theta\:\:…{be}\:{continued}… \\ $$
Commented by maxmathsup by imad last updated on 13/Jul/18
$$\left.\mathrm{1}\right)\:{we}\:{have}\:{f}^{'} \left({x}\right)=\:\frac{\mathrm{4}{x}}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }\:\Rightarrow{f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left({x}\right)=\mathrm{4}\left\{\:\frac{{x}}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }\right\}^{\left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)} \\ $$$${let}\:{w}\left({x}\right)=\:\frac{{x}}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }\:{let}\:\:{decompose}\:{w}\left({x}\right) \\ $$$${w}\left({x}\right)\:=\:\:\frac{{x}}{\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} \:−{i}^{\mathrm{2}} }\:=\:\frac{{x}}{\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}−{i}\right)\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}+{i}\right)} \\ $$$$=\:\frac{{x}}{\mathrm{4}\left(\:{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\frac{\mathrm{1}−{i}}{\mathrm{2}}\right)\left({x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\frac{\mathrm{1}+{i}}{\mathrm{2}}\right)}\:\:=\:\frac{{x}}{\mathrm{4}\left(\:{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{4}}} \right)\left({x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{4}}} \right)} \\ $$$$=\:\frac{{x}}{\mathrm{4}\left({x}−\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}\:}{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \right)\left({x}+\:\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \right)\left({x}−\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \right)\left({x}+\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \right)}\:\:{let} \\ $$$${z}_{\mathrm{0}} =\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \:\:,\:\:{z}_{\mathrm{1}} \:=−\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \:\:\:,\:{z}_{\mathrm{2}} =\:\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \:\:,\:\:{z}_{\mathrm{3}} \:=\:−\frac{{i}}{\:\sqrt{\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}}\:{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{8}}} \:\Rightarrow \\ $$$${f}^{'} \left({x}\right)\:=\mathrm{4}{w}\left({x}\right)\:=\:\:\frac{{a}}{{x}−{z}_{\mathrm{0}} }\:+\frac{{b}}{{x}−{z}_{\mathrm{1}} }\:+\frac{{c}}{{x}−{z}_{\mathrm{2}} }\:+\frac{{d}}{{x}−{z}_{\mathrm{3}} }\:=\frac{{x}}{\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{0}} \right)\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{1}} \right)\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{2}} \right)\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{3}} \right)} \\ $$$${we}\:{have}\:\:\:{a}\:=\:\:\frac{{z}_{\mathrm{0}} }{\left({z}_{\mathrm{0}} −{z}_{\mathrm{1}} \right)\left({z}_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{4}}} \right)} \\ $$$${b}\:=\:\frac{{z}_{\mathrm{1}} }{\left({z}_{\mathrm{1}} −{z}_{\mathrm{0}} \right)\left({z}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}{e}^{−\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{4}}} \right)} \\ $$$${c}\:=\:\:\frac{{z}_{\mathrm{2}} }{\left({z}_{\mathrm{2}} −{z}_{\mathrm{3}} \right)\left({z}_{\mathrm{2}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{4}}} \right)} \\ $$$${d}\:=\:\:\frac{{z}_{\mathrm{3}} }{\left({z}_{\mathrm{3}} −{z}_{\mathrm{2}} \right)\left({z}_{\mathrm{3}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \:\:+\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\:\sqrt{\mathrm{2}}}{e}^{\frac{{i}\pi}{\mathrm{4}}} \right)}\:\:{and}\:\: \\ $$$${f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left({x}\right)\:=\:{a}\:\frac{\left(−\mathrm{1}\right)^{{n}−\mathrm{1}} \left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)!}{\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{0}} \right)^{{n}} }\:\:+{b}\:\frac{\left(−\mathrm{1}\right)^{{n}−\mathrm{1}} \left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)!}{\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{1}} \right)^{{n}} }\:+\:{c}\:\frac{\left(−\mathrm{1}\right)^{{n}−\mathrm{1}} \left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)!}{\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{2}} \right)^{{n}} } \\ $$$$+{d}\:\frac{\left(−\mathrm{1}\right)^{{n}−\mathrm{1}} \left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)!}{\left({x}−{z}_{\mathrm{3}} \right)^{{n}} } \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{2}\right)\:{f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left(\mathrm{0}\right)\:=\:\left(−\mathrm{1}\right)^{{n}−\mathrm{1}} \left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)!\left\{\:\:\:\:\frac{{a}}{\left(−{z}_{\mathrm{0}} \right)^{{n}} }\:+\:\frac{{b}}{\left(−{z}_{\mathrm{1}} \right)^{{n}} }\:+\:\frac{{c}}{\left(−{z}_{\mathrm{2}} \right)^{{n}} }\:+\frac{{d}}{\left(−{z}_{\mathrm{3}} \right)^{{n}} }\right\} \\ $$$$=−\left({n}−\mathrm{1}\right)!\left\{\:\:\:\frac{{a}}{{z}_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{n}} }\:\:+\frac{{b}}{{z}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{{n}} }\:+\:\frac{{c}}{{z}_{\mathrm{2}} ^{{n}} }\:+\frac{{d}}{{z}_{\mathrm{3}} ^{{n}} }\right\} \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{3}\right)\:{we}\:{have}\:{f}\left({x}\right)\:=\sum_{{n}=\mathrm{0}} ^{\infty} \:\:\:\frac{{f}^{\left({n}\right)} \left(\mathrm{0}\right)}{{n}!}\:{x}^{{n}} \\ $$$$=\frac{\pi}{\mathrm{4}}\:−\sum_{{n}=\mathrm{1}} ^{\infty} \:\:\:\frac{\mathrm{1}}{{n}}\left\{\:\frac{{a}}{{z}_{\mathrm{0}} ^{{n}} }\:+\frac{{b}}{{z}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{{n}} }\:+\:\frac{{c}}{{z}_{\mathrm{2}} ^{{n}} }\:+\frac{{d}}{{z}_{\mathrm{3}} ^{{n}} }\right\}{x}^{{n}} \\ $$
Commented by maxmathsup by imad last updated on 13/Jul/18
$$\left.\mathrm{5}\right)\:{we}\:{have}\:{f}^{'} \left({x}\right)=\:\frac{\mathrm{4}{x}}{\mathrm{1}+\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }\:=\:\frac{\mathrm{4}{x}}{\mathrm{1}+\mathrm{4}{x}^{\mathrm{4}} \:+\mathrm{4}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}}\:=\:\frac{\mathrm{4}{x}}{\mathrm{4}{x}^{\mathrm{4}} \:+\mathrm{4}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{2}} \\ $$$$=\:\frac{\mathrm{2}{x}}{\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{4}} \:+\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}}\:\Rightarrow\frac{{x}}{\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{4}} \:+\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}}\:=\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}{f}^{'} \left({x}\right)\:\Rightarrow{let}\:{integrate}\:{by}\:{parts} \\ $$$$\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:\:\:\frac{{x}\:{arctan}\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)}{\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{4}} \:+\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}}\:{dx}\:=\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:{f}.{f}^{'} {dx}=\left[\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}\:{f}^{\mathrm{2}} \left({x}\right)\right]_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \\ $$$$=\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}\left\{\:{f}^{\mathrm{2}} \left(\mathrm{1}\right)\:−{f}^{\left(\mathrm{2}\right)} \left(\mathrm{0}\right)\right\}\:=\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}\left\{\:{arctan}^{\mathrm{2}} \left(\mathrm{3}\right)\:−\frac{\pi^{\mathrm{2}} }{\mathrm{16}}\right\}\:. \\ $$$$ \\ $$
Commented by maxmathsup by imad last updated on 13/Jul/18
$$\left.\mathrm{5}\right)\:{the}\:{Q}\:{is}\left[{find}\:\:\int_{\mathrm{0}} ^{\mathrm{1}} \:\:\:\frac{{x}\:{arctan}\left(\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}\right)}{\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{4}} \:+\mathrm{2}{x}^{\mathrm{2}} \:+\mathrm{1}}\:{dx}\:.\right. \\ $$