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Question-42538




Question Number 42538 by ajfour last updated on 27/Aug/18
Commented by ajfour last updated on 29/Aug/18
Q.42446   Find r_(max) if radius of  larger circle is R.
$${Q}.\mathrm{42446}\:\:\:{Find}\:\boldsymbol{{r}}_{\boldsymbol{{max}}} {if}\:{radius}\:{of} \\ $$$${larger}\:{circle}\:{is}\:{R}. \\ $$
Answered by ajfour last updated on 29/Aug/18
Eq. of parabola        y= ax^2      ⇒  (dy/dx)∣_((x_1 , y_1 ))  = 2ax_1   eq. of tangent to parabola at  (x_1 , ax_1 ^2 ) is     y−ax_1 ^2 =2ax_1 (x−x_1 )  slope of common tangent to  circles at T :  m= cot θ  T (Rcos θ, R−Rsin θ)   let  2ax_1  = cot θ      y_1 =ax_1 ^2   y_1 =ax_1 ^2        and  cot θ = 2ax_1   x_1 = (R−2r)cos θ  y_1 =R−(R−2r)sin θ  ⇒ R−(R−2r)sin θ = ax_1 ^2   R−(√((R−2r)^2 −x_1 ^2 )) = ax_1 ^2   ⇒ (R−2r)^2 −x_1 ^2 =a^2 x_1 ^4 +R^2 −2aRx_1 ^2   only one value of x_1   ⇒  (1−2aR)^2 = 4a^2 (4rR−4r^2 )  ⇒  r^2 −rR+(((1−2aR)^2 )/(16a^2 )) =0  r= (R/2)−(√((R^2 /4)−(((1−4aR+4a^2 R^2 ))/(16a^2 ))))  ⇒  r=(R/2)−(√((R/(4a))−(1/(16a^2 ))))   ⇒   r = (R/2)−((√(4aR−1))/(4a)) .
$${Eq}.\:{of}\:{parabola} \\ $$$$\:\:\:\:\:\:{y}=\:{ax}^{\mathrm{2}} \:\:\:\:\:\Rightarrow\:\:\frac{{dy}}{{dx}}\mid_{\left({x}_{\mathrm{1}} ,\:{y}_{\mathrm{1}} \right)} \:=\:\mathrm{2}{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} \\ $$$${eq}.\:{of}\:{tangent}\:{to}\:{parabola}\:{at} \\ $$$$\left({x}_{\mathrm{1}} ,\:{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \right)\:{is} \\ $$$$\:\:\:{y}−{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} =\mathrm{2}{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} \left({x}−{x}_{\mathrm{1}} \right) \\ $$$${slope}\:{of}\:{common}\:{tangent}\:{to} \\ $$$${circles}\:{at}\:{T}\::\:\:{m}=\:\mathrm{cot}\:\theta \\ $$$${T}\:\left({R}\mathrm{cos}\:\theta,\:{R}−{R}\mathrm{sin}\:\theta\right) \\ $$$$\:{let}\:\:\mathrm{2}{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} \:=\:\mathrm{cot}\:\theta\: \\ $$$$\:\:\:{y}_{\mathrm{1}} ={ax}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \\ $$$${y}_{\mathrm{1}} ={ax}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \:\:\:\:\:\:\:{and}\:\:\mathrm{cot}\:\theta\:=\:\mathrm{2}{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} \\ $$$${x}_{\mathrm{1}} =\:\left({R}−\mathrm{2}{r}\right)\mathrm{cos}\:\theta \\ $$$${y}_{\mathrm{1}} ={R}−\left({R}−\mathrm{2}{r}\right)\mathrm{sin}\:\theta \\ $$$$\Rightarrow\:{R}−\left({R}−\mathrm{2}{r}\right)\mathrm{sin}\:\theta\:=\:{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \\ $$$${R}−\sqrt{\left({R}−\mathrm{2}{r}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} −{x}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} }\:=\:{ax}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \\ $$$$\Rightarrow\:\left({R}−\mathrm{2}{r}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} −{x}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} ={a}^{\mathrm{2}} {x}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{4}} +{R}^{\mathrm{2}} −\mathrm{2}{aRx}_{\mathrm{1}} ^{\mathrm{2}} \\ $$$${only}\:{one}\:{value}\:{of}\:{x}_{\mathrm{1}} \:\:\Rightarrow \\ $$$$\left(\mathrm{1}−\mathrm{2}{aR}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} =\:\mathrm{4}{a}^{\mathrm{2}} \left(\mathrm{4}{rR}−\mathrm{4}{r}^{\mathrm{2}} \right) \\ $$$$\Rightarrow\:\:{r}^{\mathrm{2}} −{rR}+\frac{\left(\mathrm{1}−\mathrm{2}{aR}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} }{\mathrm{16}{a}^{\mathrm{2}} }\:=\mathrm{0} \\ $$$${r}=\:\frac{{R}}{\mathrm{2}}−\sqrt{\frac{{R}^{\mathrm{2}} }{\mathrm{4}}−\frac{\left(\mathrm{1}−\mathrm{4}{aR}+\mathrm{4}{a}^{\mathrm{2}} {R}^{\mathrm{2}} \right)}{\mathrm{16}{a}^{\mathrm{2}} }} \\ $$$$\Rightarrow\:\:{r}=\frac{{R}}{\mathrm{2}}−\sqrt{\frac{{R}}{\mathrm{4}{a}}−\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{16}{a}^{\mathrm{2}} }}\: \\ $$$$\Rightarrow\:\:\:\boldsymbol{{r}}\:=\:\frac{\boldsymbol{{R}}}{\mathrm{2}}−\frac{\sqrt{\mathrm{4}{aR}−\mathrm{1}}}{\mathrm{4}{a}}\:. \\ $$
Commented by ajfour last updated on 29/Aug/18
one or two other routes still  yield different answers..!  please discuss and help..
$${one}\:{or}\:{two}\:{other}\:{routes}\:{still} \\ $$$${yield}\:{different}\:{answers}..! \\ $$$${please}\:{discuss}\:{and}\:{help}.. \\ $$

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