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Question Number 23361 by Tinkutara last updated on 29/Oct/17

A 50 g lead bullet, sp. heat 0.02 is  initially at 30°C. It is fired vertically  upwards with a speed of 840 m/s and  on returning to the starting level strikes  a cake of ice at 0°C. How much ice is  melted? Assume that all energy is  spent in melting only (L = 80 cal/g).

$$\mathrm{A}\:\mathrm{50}\:\mathrm{g}\:\mathrm{lead}\:\mathrm{bullet},\:\mathrm{sp}.\:\mathrm{heat}\:\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{02}\:\mathrm{is} \\ $$$$\mathrm{initially}\:\mathrm{at}\:\mathrm{30}°\mathrm{C}.\:\mathrm{It}\:\mathrm{is}\:\mathrm{fired}\:\mathrm{vertically} \\ $$$$\mathrm{upwards}\:\mathrm{with}\:\mathrm{a}\:\mathrm{speed}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{840}\:\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}\:\mathrm{and} \\ $$$$\mathrm{on}\:\mathrm{returning}\:\mathrm{to}\:\mathrm{the}\:\mathrm{starting}\:\mathrm{level}\:\mathrm{strikes} \\ $$$$\mathrm{a}\:\mathrm{cake}\:\mathrm{of}\:\mathrm{ice}\:\mathrm{at}\:\mathrm{0}°\mathrm{C}.\:\mathrm{How}\:\mathrm{much}\:\mathrm{ice}\:\mathrm{is} \\ $$$$\mathrm{melted}?\:\mathrm{Assume}\:\mathrm{that}\:\mathrm{all}\:\mathrm{energy}\:\mathrm{is} \\ $$$$\mathrm{spent}\:\mathrm{in}\:\mathrm{melting}\:\mathrm{only}\:\left({L}\:=\:\mathrm{80}\:\mathrm{cal}/\mathrm{g}\right). \\ $$

Answered by ajfour last updated on 29/Oct/17

(I assume specific heat=((0.02cal)/(gC °)))  mL+Mc△T+△K=0  m(80×4.182)+50×0.02×4.2×30               −(1/2)×((50)/(1000))×(840)^2  =0  ≈ ⇒  m(42×8)=3×42+42×420  or   m=((423)/8)g  ≈ 53g .

$$\left({I}\:{assume}\:{specific}\:{heat}=\frac{\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{02}{cal}}{{gC}\:°}\right) \\ $$$${mL}+{Mc}\bigtriangleup{T}+\bigtriangleup{K}=\mathrm{0} \\ $$$${m}\left(\mathrm{80}×\mathrm{4}.\mathrm{182}\right)+\mathrm{50}×\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{02}×\mathrm{4}.\mathrm{2}×\mathrm{30} \\ $$$$\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:\:−\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}×\frac{\mathrm{50}}{\mathrm{1000}}×\left(\mathrm{840}\right)^{\mathrm{2}} \:=\mathrm{0} \\ $$$$\approx\:\Rightarrow\:\:{m}\left(\mathrm{42}×\mathrm{8}\right)=\mathrm{3}×\mathrm{42}+\mathrm{42}×\mathrm{420} \\ $$$${or}\:\:\:{m}=\frac{\mathrm{423}}{\mathrm{8}}{g}\:\:\approx\:\mathrm{53}{g}\:. \\ $$

Commented by Tinkutara last updated on 29/Oct/17

Thank you very much Sir!

$$\mathrm{Thank}\:\mathrm{you}\:\mathrm{very}\:\mathrm{much}\:\mathrm{Sir}! \\ $$

Commented by ajfour last updated on 29/Oct/17

m : mass of ice melted  L : Latent heat of ice  M : mass of bullet

$${m}\::\:{mass}\:{of}\:{ice}\:{melted} \\ $$$${L}\::\:{Latent}\:{heat}\:{of}\:{ice} \\ $$$${M}\::\:{mass}\:{of}\:{bullet} \\ $$

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