Question Number 35609 by abdo mathsup 649 cc last updated on 21/May/18
$${let}\:{r}\:\in\left[\mathrm{0},\mathrm{1}\left[\:{and}\:{x}\in\:{R}\:\:{and}\:\right.\right. \\ $$$$\varphi\left({x},{r}\right)\:=\:{arctan}\left(\:\frac{{rsinx}}{\mathrm{1}−{r}\:{cosx}}\right) \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{1}\right)\:{prove}\:{that}\:\:\frac{\partial\varphi}{\partial{x}}\left({x},{r}\right)\:\:=\sum_{{n}=\mathrm{1}} ^{\infty} \:{r}^{{n}} \:{cos}\left({nx}\right) \\ $$$$\left.\mathrm{2}\right){prove}\:{that}\:\varphi\left({x},{r}\right)\:=\:\sum_{{n}=\mathrm{1}} ^{\infty} \:{r}^{{n}} \:\:\frac{{sin}\left({nx}\right)}{{n}} \\ $$$$ \\ $$